Air emissions accounts by NACE Rev. 2 activity

Introduction

This project aims to analyze the contribution of each NACE rev 2 activity on polluting emissions.

We are going to filter data for Italy and select “Tonnes” as unit of measure

All data used for the analysis comes from Eurostat.

The eurostat package will be used to read the data from Eurostat

Let’s start by extracting the data for each sector. Subsequently, the data will be filtered to take into consideration only those relating to Italy. Subsequently, the data will be grouped on an annual basis

After extracting all the important data, a grouping of the data relating to Air emissions accounts will be carried out by macro sectors. The aim is to identify macro sectors for which emissions are increasing.

The results at the Italian level will be compared with the European ones.

After that will focus on these macro sectors:

• Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use
• Human health activities
• Mining and quarrying
• Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

In the second part of the project we will analyze the deaths in Italy caused by lung diseases. An analysis will be performed based on gender and age groups.

We are going to consider these categories of diseases

• Pneumonia
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases
• Asthma and status asthmaticus
• Other lower respiratory diseases
• Other diseases of the respiratory system

Definition

Mining and quarrying Mining and quarrying in the form of the extraction of minerals and materials occurring naturally as solids (coal, ores, gravel, sand, salt), liquids (petroleum), gases (natural gas) or biomass (peat). Extraction can be achieved by different methods such as underground or surface mining or extraction, well operation etc.

Human health activities This division includes activities of short- or long-term hospitals, general or specialty medical, surgical, psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals, sanatoria, preventoria, medical nursing homes, asylums, mental hospital institutions, rehabilitation centres, leprosaria and other human health institutions which have accommodation facilities and which engage in providing diagnostic and medical treatment to inpatients with any of a wide variety of medical conditions.

It also includes medical consultation and treatment in the field of general and specialised medicine by general practitioners and medical specialists and surgeons. It includes dental practice activities of a general or specialised nature and orthodontic activities. Additionally, this division includes activities for human health not performed by hospitals or by practicing medical doctors but by paramedical practitioners legally recognised to treat patients.

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles This division includes all activities (except manufacture and rental) related to motor vehicles and motorcycles, including lorries and trucks, such as the wholesale and retail sale of new and second-hand vehicles, the repair and maintenance of vehicles and the wholesale and retail sale of parts and accessories for motor vehicles and motorcycles. Also included are activities of commission agents involved in wholesale or retail sale of vehicles.

This division also includes activities such as washing, polishing of vehicles etc.

Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use This division includes the undifferentiated subsistence goods-producing and services-producing activities of households. Households should be classified here only if it is impossible to identify a primary activity for the subsistence activities of the household. If the household engages in market activities, it should be classified according to the primary market activity carried out.

Data exploration

Let’s find trend for every macro sector and select the ones with increasing tren

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

Mining and quarrying

Manufacturing

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

Construction

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

Transportation and storage

Accommodation and food service activities

Information and communication

Financial and insurance activities

Real estate activities

Professional, scientific and technical activities

Administrative and support service activities

Public administration and defence; compulsory social security

Education

Human health and social work activities

Arts, entertainment and recreation

Other service activities

Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use

Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies

All NACE activities plus households

Analysis on sectors with increasing trend

Let’s go deeper on sectors with increasing trend

Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use details

Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use

Hydrofluorocarbones (CO2 equivalent) (HFC_CO2E) is the most pollutant component with an increasing trend

Compare with Europe

Greenhouse gases (GHG) is the most pollutant component. Anyway also Hydrofluorocarbones (CO2 equivalent) has an increasing trend

Human health and social work activities details

Human health activities

Residential care activities and social work activities without accommodation

The trend of Human health and social work activities is increasing. Instead the trend of Residential care activities and social work activities without accommodation is deacrising, so we’re focusing on the first one.

Human health activities details

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, both with an increasing trend

Compare with Europe

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components. The trend of Greenhouse gases is almost flat, instead the one of Carbon dioxide is clearly increasing

Mining and quarrying details

Mining and quarrying details

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, both with an increasing trend

Compare with Europe

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, both with a decreasing trend

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles details

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles details

Greenhouse gases (GHG) is the most pollutant component, but the trend is almost flat. Instead Hydrofluorocarbones (CO2 equivalent) (HFC_CO2E) has an increasing trend

Compare with Europe

Both Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Hydrofluorocarbones (CO2 equivalent) (HFC_CO2E) have a decreasing trend

Analyze the singular components

Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles details

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, but both with a decreasing trend

Compare with Europe

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, but both with a decreasing trend

Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles details

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Hydrofluorocarbones (CO2 equivalent) (HFC_CO2E) are the most pollutant components, both with an increasing trend

Compare with Europe

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, but both with a decreasing trend

Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles details

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, but both with a decreasing trend

Compare with Europe

Greenhouse gases (GHG) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) are the most pollutant components, but both with a decreasing trend

Analysis by sex and age

In the second part of the project we will analyze the deaths in Italy caused by lung diseases.

We start by collecting data from Eurostat database

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So let’s run a trend analysis of the causes of death based on sex

Causes of death for women

Causes of death for men

The charts above show an increasing trend for women

Now let’s continue the analysis of the causes of death in Italy for women due to lung diseases, separating the data according to the two age groups:

• Under 65;
• Above 65 years old.

Causes of death based for women under 65

Causes of death based for women over 65

For over 65 the trend is increasing

In this last step we will analyze the causes of death for women over 65, based on the following categories of lung diseases

• Pneumonia
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases
• Asthma and status asthmaticus
• Other lower respiratory diseases
• Other diseases of the respiratory system

Let’s analyze the Pneumonia category

The trend is increasing

Let’s analyze the Chronic lower respiratory category

Also in this case the trend is increasing

Let’s analyze the Asthma and status asthmaticus category

Also in this case the trend is increasing, but less then other categories

Let’s analyze the Other lower respiratory diseases category

Also in this case the trend is increasing

Let’s analyze the Other diseases of the respiratory system category

Also in this case the trend is increasing, but less then other categories

Conclusion

We analyzed polluting emissions by NACE activities for Italy. We selected the activities with an increasing trend. For these we have identified the most important components and then we have compared them with the European average. We have identified these macro sectors with an increasing trend

• Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use
• Human health activities
• Mining and quarrying
• Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

The most polluting components, both at the Italian and European level, are the following:

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Greenhouse gases (GHG)
• Hydrofluorocarbones (CO2 equivalent) (HFC_CO2E)

In some specific cases the behavior and the Italian trend do not correspond with that at the European level. Ultimately, where the trend in Italy is increasing, the correspondent in Europe is not the same, or even decreasing as for the Mining and quarrying and Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles sectors.

In the last part we analyzed the causes of death in Italy linked to lung diseases. The data show a growing trend for women, especially those over 65. The trend is substantially growing for all categories of lung diseases.